Iji mee ka ala dị mma maka itolite mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ, ọ dị mkpa iji meziwanye ihe anụ ahụ nke ala.Mee ka ihe ndị dị n'ime ala dị n'ime ala dịkwuo elu, mee ka nhazi ala na-agbakọta karịa, na obere ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ n'ime ala.
A na-eme fatịlaịza organic nke anụ ụlọ na nri anụ ọkụkọ na ihe fọdụrụ n'osisi.Mgbe ịgbara mmiri dị elu, a na-ewepụ ihe ndị na-egbu egbu na ndị na-emerụ ahụ.Ọ bara ọgaranya n'ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, gụnyere: ụdị acids organic dị iche iche, peptides, na nitrogen, phosphorus, ọgaranya nri gụnyere potassium.Ọ bụ fatịlaịza akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke bara uru maka ihe ọkụkụ na ala.
Ngwakọta fatịlaịza na-ezo aka n'ụdị fatịlaịza nke bara ụba na ihe ndị dị ndụ na ọ bụghị naanị na-enye ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche nke inorganic na organic nri, kamakwa imeziwanye ọmụmụ ala.
Akụkụ nke fatịlaịza organic:
1. Nri zuru oke, na-ahapụ ngwa ngwa na ogologo oge, dị nro, na-adịgide adịgide na ịmụ nwa;
2. Ọ nwere ọrụ nke ịgbalite enzymes ala, na-akwalite mmepe mgbọrọgwụ, na ịkwalite photosynthesis;
3. Belata ọdịnaya nitrate nke ngwaahịa ahụ, melite ogo nke ihe ọkụkụ na ịbawanye mkpụrụ;ngwaahịa na-egbuke egbuke na agba, nnukwu na ụtọ;
4. Ọ bụrụ na etinyere ya na-aga n'ihu, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ala, mee ka ikuku nke ala dịkwuo elu, nkwụsị mmiri, na njide ọmụmụ, ka ọ dịkwuo mma ala ọmụmụ ma belata mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi nke fatịlaịza kemịkalụ kpatara.
Uru nke fatịlaịza organic:
1. Enwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke microorganisms bara uru na fatịlaịza organic, nke nwere ike imebi ihe ndị dị n'ime ala, na-amụba nchịkọta nchịkọta ala ma melite nhazi ala.Mụbaa permeability nke ikuku nke ala, ma na-emekwa ka ala dị nro ma dị nro, mmiri na-edozi ahụ adịghị mfe ịla n'iyi, na-amụba mmiri ala na ikike nchekwa fatịlaịza, zere ma wepụ ala compaction.
2. Ihe microorganisms bara uru na fatịlaịza organic nwekwara ike igbochi mmepụta nke nje bacteria na-emerụ ahụ, nwere ike igbochi ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ nke ala, chekwaa ọrụ na ego, na enweghị mmetọ.
3. 95% nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ala dị n'ụdị a na-apụghị ịsacha, enweghị ike ịmịnye ya ma jiri ya mee ihe site na osisi.Ihe metabolites microbial nwere nnukwu acids organic, nke dị ka mmiri ọkụ agbakwunyere na cubes ice.Ọ nwere ike igbari Chọpụta ọcha calcium, magnesium, sọlfọ, ọla kọpa, zinc, ígwè, boron, molybdenum na ndị ọzọ dị mkpa ịnweta mineral nke osisi, na-atụgharị ha na-edozi ihe ndị nwere ike itinye uche ozugbo na tinye n'ọrụ site na osisi, na-amụba nke ukwuu ala ọmụmụ. ike ọkọnọ.
4. Ihe microorganisms bara uru dị ka Bacillus subtilis na fatịlaịza organic na-eji ihe ndị dị n'ime ala na-emepụta metabolites nke abụọ, nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-akwalite uto.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, auxin nwere ike ịkwalite elongation osisi na uto, abscisic acid nwere ike ịkwalite ntozu mkpụrụ osisi, gibberellin nwere ike ịkwalite okooko osisi na ntọala mkpụrụ osisi, mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke okooko osisi dị elu, njigide mkpụrụ osisi, ịbawanye mkpụrụ, mee ka mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dị nro, dị ọhụrụ ma dị nro, ma nwee ike ịbụ. ahịa n'oge.Nweta ụbara mmepụta na ego.
5. Ihe microorganisms na fatịlaịza organic nwere ike dị ike ma na-adị ndụ n'ime ala ruo ogologo oge.Nje bacteria na-edozi nitrogen, nje bacteria na-agbaze phosphorus, bacteria na-agbaze potassium na microorganisms ndị ọzọ nwere ike iji nitrogen na ikuku na-ahapụ potassium na phosphorus n'ime ala nke ihe ọkụkụ na-adịghị anabata ngwa ngwa.Na-aga n'ihu na-enye nri ihe ọkụkụ.Ya mere, organic fatịlaịza nwekwara ogologo oge mmetụta.
6. Dị ka data dị mkpa si dị, a kwadoro na ọnụọgụ nke fatịlaịza kemịkalụ na mmepụta anyị bụ naanị 30%-45%.Ọtụtụ n'ime ha enweghị ike ịmịnye ya ozugbo ma jiri ya mee ihe site na osisi, na-ebute nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma dị ka salinization nke ala na nchikota.Mgbe anyị na-etinye fatịlaịza organic, ọrụ ndụ ya bara uru nwere ike imezi nhazi ala, mee ka ala ahụ nwee ike idowe mmiri na fatịlaịza, si otú ahụ belata ụkọ nri.Ejikọta ya na mmetụta nke organic okwu microorganisms bara uru igbari phosphorus na potassium, irè itinye n'ọrụ ọnụego nke chemical fatịlaịza nwere ike mụbaa karịa 50%.
7. Organic fatịlaịza nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ akụ na ụba dịkwuo mma ma melite ogo ngwaahịa ọrụ ugbo.N'okpuru otu ihe na-edozi ahụ, a na-atụnyere fatịlaịza organic na fatịlaịza kemịkal.Mgbe etinyere ya dị ka fatịlaịza ntọala, fatịlaịza organic na-adịkarị mma karịa fatịlaịza kemịkal.Mgbe etinyere ya dị ka akwa akwa, emebiela ya nke ọma.Mmetụta nke fatịlaịza organic na-adịkarị mma karịa fatịlaịza kemịkal.Karịsịa ịkwalite ogo ngwaahịa ọrụ ugbo bara uru karịa fatịlaịza kemịkal.
8. Organic fatịlaịza nwere ike ịkwalite uto nke microorganisms ala ma kwalite nnabata na itinye n'ọrụ nke ihe ọkụkụ.Fatịlaịza organic nwere nnukwu ihe dị ndụ ma bụrụ ebe kachasị mma maka uto na mmeputakwa nke microorganisms dị iche iche.Ihe na-edozi ahụ nke fatịlaịza organic nwekwara ike ịmepụta phenols dị iche iche, vitamin, enzymes, auxins na ihe ndị yiri hormone n'ime usoro nke ire ere, nke nwere ike ịkwalite uto nke mgbọrọgwụ ihe ọkụkụ na ntinye nke nri.
9. Belata mmezi ihe na-edozi ahụ ma melite irè ihe oriri.Fatịlaịza organic nwere ọtụtụ acid organic, humic acid na ihe ndị ọzọ hydroxyl.Ha niile nwere ikike aghụghọ siri ike ma nwee ike iji ọtụtụ ihe igwe chelate iji mepụta chelate.Gbochie ala ka ọ ghara idozi nri ndị a na ọdịda.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-ejikọta fatịlaịza organic na fatịlaịza phosphate.Acids organic na chelates ndị ọzọ dị na fatịlaịza organic nwere ike chelate ion aluminum na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ala, nke nwere ike igbochi nchikota nke aluminom na phosphorus iji mepụta phosphorus nchekwa mechiri emechi nke na-esiri ihe ọkụkụ ike ịbanye.Mee ka ọdịnaya phosphorus dị n'ime ala dị.
10. Mee ngwa ngwa nguzobe nke ala aggregates ma melite ala anụ ahụ na chemical Njirimara.Nchikota organic-inorganic bụ ihe dị mkpa na-egosi ọmụmụ ala.Ka ọdịnaya ya dịkwuo mma, ka mma anụ ahụ nke ala.Ka ala na-eme nri, ka ike na-esiwanye ike ichekwa ala, mmiri na fatịlaịza., The mma na aeration arụmọrụ, ndị ọzọ na-eme ka uto nke akuku mgbọrọgwụ.
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Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-11-2022